feat:實作預約系統 — 時段管理、預約生命週期與前端整合

後端：
- 新增 course_schedules / bookings migration（含索引）
- BookingStatus / ScheduleStatus PHP BackedEnum
- CourseSchedule / Booking Model（七狀態機 VALID_TRANSITIONS）
- ScheduleController、ProviderBookingController、MemberBookingController
- 雙層名額驗證（API 層快速失敗 + DB lockForUpdate 防超賣）
- 24h 取消截止、pending 不佔位設計
- ExpirePendingBookings（每小時）/ CompleteFinishedBookings（每日）Scheduler
- Docker cron 配置、CACHE_STORE 改為 file 修正 502

前端：
- 課程詳情頁加入時段選擇與預約流程
- 我的預約頁（展開式卡片、狀態說明、連結課程詳情）
- Coach 時段管理（上午/下午時間選擇器、新課程引導）
- Coach 預約管理（依課程分組、待確認徽章）
- Navbar 新增「我的預約」與「時段/預約管理」入口
- 密碼格式提示與即時比對

OpenSpec：
- booking-system change 歸檔至 archive/2026-05-12-booking-system
- 新增 specs/course-scheduling 與 specs/booking-lifecycle 主規格

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

routes/api.php

@@ -4,6 +4,9 @@ use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Route;
 use App\Http\Controllers\API\AuthController;
 use App\Http\Controllers\API\DivingOfferController;
 use App\Http\Controllers\API\ProviderOfferController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\API\ScheduleController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\API\ProviderBookingController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\API\MemberBookingController;
 use App\Http\Controllers\API\AdminStatsController;
 use App\Http\Controllers\API\AdminUserController;
 use App\Http\Controllers\API\AdminOfferController;
@@ -16,6 +19,7 @@ Route::get('/ping', function () {
 // 潛水課程（公開）
 Route::get('/diving-offers', [DivingOfferController::class, 'index']);
 Route::get('/diving-offers/{id}', [DivingOfferController::class, 'show']);
+Route::get('/diving-offers/{id}/schedules', [ScheduleController::class, 'publicList']);
 
 // 你可以在這裡繼續新增 API 路由
 Route::post('/testpost', function () {
@@ -43,9 +47,11 @@ Route::middleware(['auth:sanctum'])->prefix('member')->group(function () {
     Route::put('/profile', [AuthController::class, 'updateMemberProfile']);
     // 修改密碼
     Route::put('/change-password', [AuthController::class, 'changeMemberPassword']);
-    // 你可以再加上訂單、收藏、通知等API
-    // Route::get('/orders', [OrderController::class, 'memberOrders']);
-    // Route::get('/favorites', [FavoriteController::class, 'memberFavorites']);
+    // 預約
+    Route::get('/bookings',          [MemberBookingController::class, 'index']);
+    Route::post('/bookings',         [MemberBookingController::class, 'store']);
+    Route::get('/bookings/{id}',     [MemberBookingController::class, 'show']);
+    Route::delete('/bookings/{id}',  [MemberBookingController::class, 'destroy']);
 });
 
 // 服務提供者註冊／登入
@@ -68,6 +74,16 @@ Route::middleware(['auth:sanctum'])->prefix('provider')->group(function () {
     Route::get('/offers/{id}',     [ProviderOfferController::class, 'show']);
     Route::put('/offers/{id}',     [ProviderOfferController::class, 'update']);
     Route::delete('/offers/{id}',  [ProviderOfferController::class, 'destroy']);
+    // 時段管理
+    Route::get('/schedules',            [ScheduleController::class, 'index']);
+    Route::post('/schedules',           [ScheduleController::class, 'store']);
+    Route::put('/schedules/{id}',       [ScheduleController::class, 'update']);
+    Route::delete('/schedules/{id}',    [ScheduleController::class, 'destroy']);
+    // 預約管理
+    Route::get('/bookings',                      [ProviderBookingController::class, 'index']);
+    Route::put('/bookings/{id}/confirm',         [ProviderBookingController::class, 'confirm']);
+    Route::put('/bookings/{id}/reject',          [ProviderBookingController::class, 'reject']);
+    Route::put('/bookings/{id}/cancel',          [ProviderBookingController::class, 'cancel']);
 });
 
 // 管理員註冊／登入